Retirement Planning Tips
It’s really never too early – or too late – to do retirement planning.
On the one hand, the younger you are, the more you benefit from a longer period of time to accumulate assets and invest them, as well as think about how best to spend them once you finally retire. Even if you make some mistakes in the process or become preoccupied with other matters for a year or two, time will generally be your friend.
If, on the other hand, you’ll soon be retiring or have perhaps retired already, you’ll want to use the time and resources you have wisely. Still, with a few adjustments here and there, you may well be able to make your retirement years more enjoyable.
Whatever your circumstances, be sure to consult professionals with expertise in areas such as:
- investments
- taxes
- budgeting and cash management
- various types of insurance
- estate planning
- medical, social, and other services geared toward older persons
With this in mind, NEC offers the following list of basic points to consider.
- Determine how you’d like to spend your retirement years.
- Try to get a good sense of what your desired lifestyle will cost.
- Save as much as you reasonably can and invest appropriately.
- Maximize the financial resources you can draw upon in retirement.
Don’t forget to check out number 5 at the end of the list!
1. Determine how you’d like to spend your retirement years. Although many people travel, devote more attention to family and friends, increase their volunteer involvement, or concentrate on hobbies and leisure activities, you should feel free to settle on your own mix of passions and pastimes. Just remember that retirement can have several phases as you age, so allow for both the development of new interests, as well as the possible need to accommodate eventual changes in health and mobility.
2. Try to get a good sense of what your desired lifestyle will cost. In large measure, this will be a function not only of what you want to do, but also where you live – both the part of the country (or the world) in which you choose to settle and the nature of the four walls you’ll be calling home. Recognize too that you won’t necessarily live in the same place throughout retirement. Moreover, continue to budget for things that are elements of your life currently such as personal and health care expenses (Medicare won’t cover all of them!), food, clothing, transportation, emergencies, and our seemingly constant companion: inflation.
3. Save as much as you reasonably can and invest appropriately. True, particularly if you have in mind a modest lifestyle in retirement, it’s possible to “over-save.” Yet people often underestimate – sometimes significantly – what their desired lifestyle will cost. Others may be quite realistic about what they will need but have difficulty putting enough aside over the years or fail to manage responsibly whatever wealth they have been able to amass. Whatever your situation, building your nest egg should be a high priority.
4. To the extent possible, maximize the financial resources you can draw upon in retirement. A number of options exist, among them:
Defined-benefit pensions – These are traditional pensions and even though fewer and fewer workers have this perk, it is quite a valuable one, as your employer covers the full cost and what you receive will usually be very reliable. Payments are fully taxable as ordinary income.
Defined-contribution plans – These are sponsored by employers and generally take the form of so-called qualified retirement plans, such as 401(k) and 403(b) plans, or some types of IRAs, such as SEP and SIMPLE IRAs. These plans feature limits on how much can go in each year and are typically funded with some combination of contributions made by your employer and pre-tax portions of your salary or wages. Account balances grow tax-free, but distributions are fully taxable as ordinary income.
Traditional IRAs – Depending on your level of income, traditional IRAs can be funded with your own pre-tax money or, less commonly, after-tax money. Traditional IRAs can also receive money “rolled over” on a tax-free basis from employer sponsored plans, such as 401(k) plans. Account balances grow tax-free. When distributions from a traditional IRA are taken, they will be taxable as ordinary income in proportion to the amount of pre-tax money you contributed or rolled over.
Roth IRAs – These, too, are funded with your own money, specifically after-tax dollars. This means that both earnings and distributions come out tax-free. Also, whatever remains in the account grows tax-free. Note: Some employers offer Roth 401(k) plans, although these are relatively rare.
Tax-deferred annuities – As the name suggests, after-tax money of your own that you invest in these products grows tax-free. Any increase in value beyond the amount you invested is taxable as ordinary income when distributed.
Individually owned savings and investment accounts, certificates of deposit, etc. – These are funded with after-tax dollars, plus whatever you earn is taxable. Some of these investments produce capital gains, which are generally taxed more favorably than interest and other sorts of ordinary income.
Employment – For some people, “retirement” means continuing to work a bit longer, albeit on a part-time basis. Similarly, working full time for an extra year or two can make additional assets available for use in connection with one or more of the options above.
Social security benefits – Despite concerns about the long-run health of the social security system and the size of benefits one can count on, this extremely common form of retirement cash flow definitely needs to be taken into account.
Non-financial assets – Things that save you money can be just as valuable as a stream of payments. Examples would include good health, smart purchasing, and having loved ones nearby and available to help when needed.
Regardless of the combination of options you assemble and draw upon, be sure to seek competent professional guidance, as the tax rules can be complex and subject to change and the investment challenges considerable. For instance, decisions about things such as when to begin drawing social security payments or whether to roll retirement plan assets into an IRA will require careful planning.
5. Don’t overlook ways to support NEC that result in retirement cash flow. Especially if you are precluded from making additional contributions to your IRA or qualified retirement plan, a charitable life income plan can be an attractive supplement to existing arrangements. Here are some of your choices:
- A charitable remainder trust is similar to a gift annuity in some respects, since both can provide income for life, but offers greater flexibility. This can be very appealing if you don’t need additional income now but would like to secure a source of payments in retirement, and also provides an immediate income tax charitable deduction.
- You can deed a personal residence – including a vacation home – to NEC subject to a retained life estate. This arrangement enables you (or you and your spouse) to continue living in your home or using your property as long as you wish. The older you are, the larger the immediate income tax charitable deduction you receive.
- If you are age 70-1/2 or older, you can make an IRA charitable rollover to NEC directly from your traditional or Roth IRA of up to $108,000 in 2025, and the gift will not be counted in your income. Once you are 73 or older a QCD will satisfy your annual minimum required distribution and permit a tax-free gift of up to $108,000 to NEC. Separately, drawing on assets in an IRA or a qualified retirement plan to make current gifts to NEC can sometimes make sense for anyone over age 59-1/2, although careful planning is required.
Finally, because retirement planning vehicles such as defined-contribution plans, tax-deferred annuities, and many IRAs contain income that has never been taxed, you’ll want to devote attention to your beneficiary designations. Previously untaxed amounts left to family members and other individuals will be taxed when received by them but are not subject to tax when received by NEC. Likewise, tax savings can be combined with providing for heirs when certain retirement plan assets are used for a gift annuity or a charitable remainder trust at the end of your life.
Now that we’ve given you plenty to think about, please let us know if we can be of any assistance to you and your advisors!
Additional Giving Options
By making a planned gift, you can strengthen NEC and gain financial and tax benefits for you and your family. For more information, please contact Aaron McGarry, Planned Giving Officer, by email or by phone at 617-585-1356.
Real estate can be contributed as an outright gift or to finance a planned gift. Available options include a retained life estate, which allows the donor to continue to use the property for a certain number of years, or for the donor’s lifetime. Other arrangements offer special tax advantages and lifetime income.
Gifts of real estate include undeveloped land, a residence, a vacation home, a farm, or commercial property. NEC requires the donor to bear certain costs when making a real estate gift, such as an appraisal to determine the fair market value. Also, NEC deducts transaction costs from the proceeds of the sale of the property, including the closing costs, title insurance, a survey (if needed), and any taxes due before the gift is completed.
For any questions about gifts of real estate, please contact Abigail Smitka, Assistant Vice President of Major Gifts and Campaigns, at as3628@necmusic.edu or (617) 585-1719.
Many companies support the philanthropic interests of their employees by matching employee contributions to nonprofit organizations like NEC. If your employer offers a matching gift program, you may be able to double or even triple your gift!
For more information on matching gift contributions, please contact Cheryl Fries, Assistant Director of Advancement Operations, at cheryl.fries@necmusic.edu or (617) 585-1373.
Gifts of personal property, such as musical instruments, recordings, and scores provide valuable support for our music education programs. Through the support of in-kind gifts, you can help NEC meet the college’s ongoing need to expand its inventory — and you qualify for a tax deduction.
NEC accepts in-kind donations on a case-by-case basis. For more information, please contact Patricia Kopko, Director of Advancement Operations, by email or phone at 617-585-1225
Friends of NEC may elect to make gifts to commemorate a loved one’s life, birthday, anniversary, or other special occasion. We will gladly notify those you wish to know of any gifts made in their honor.
Contributions in any amount may be directed to The NEC Fund, or to the area of your choice. Please note the name of the person you wish to commemorate when you make your gift.
Contact Us
To learn more about how you can support NEC, please contact Cheryl Fries, Assistant Director of Advancement Operations, at cheryl.fries@necmusic.edu or (617) 585-1373.
New England Conservatory is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization. All donations are tax deductible to the full extent of the law. Our non-profit tax ID is 23-7225104.
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